The Treaty of Versailles (ended WWI)

After World War I, Germany was greatly affected by the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty of Versailles blamed Germany completely, for the war. The treaty held Germany responsible for that damages that resulted from the war, iron costs, it limited their army to 100,000 soldiers, and they even took away a lot of their territory.

This treaty wasn't fair as it was hugely simplified. It didn't make much sense, and it was just wrong to blame one nation for the entire war. Some of the causes of World War 1 leads to Germany- but not every last one. Therefore it was without justice to blame them for the war. Germany struggled to recover. Germany went into a depression, leaving thousands of citizens unemployed. Their economy dropped, and people were left with no homes. This was way to harsh of a punishment for Germany.

Historians say that The treaty of Versailles led to the rise of Fascism and Adolf Hitler. I believe they say this because the Treaty gave Germany many hardships and faced economic depression. Germany was vulnerable and weakened, thus Hitler came in to lead Germany. People followed Hitler as they had no hope other than having him lead them out of depression, and soon was the rise of Fascism.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey

The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest empires in history. The empire was a Major Muslim dominated empire. However, like every other major empire in history, it eventually reached its downfall. The Ottoman empire was on the losing side of World War 1. They were working with Germany. With this the Ottoman empire broke up and was split up into many countries. One of those was Turkey. Mustafa Kemal became its first president. His principles were stated as the "Six Arrows". This was his drive, his purpose and his values which defined everything he did and was reason behind everything he did. The Six Arrows were republicanism, populism, secularism, reformism, nationalism, and statism. He made sure that all the aspects of the Turkey government was separated. This was called secularism.
Mustafa wanted to give his country a modern look. He made some changes, or 'reforms'. In his ideas, secular government and education played a major role. Also: the fez with European hats, women stopped wearing the veil, every citized took surnames, and the islamic calendar gave wya to the Western calendar.
Secular- Seperation of state and religion.
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Film Lesson - "Gandhi"

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi helped his nation of India gain independence Great Britain by being a leader for the Indian people.  He persuaded the Indians to fight for independence but without violence.  He wanted them to fight by peaceful means.  This proved very successful against the British rule.  Gandhi also dressed in simple cloth that he produced on his own, to dress just like his prison mates.  He also persuaded his people to boycott British goods.  When his people used violence against the British Gandhi starved himself in order to punish the people. 

Gandhi can be related to a peacemaker, because he was 100% against violence. Even after the British treated them terribly, he still did not take violence into action. Instead he used nonviolent ways to trick the government , hence the term "civil disobedience". Gandhi did a very good job at doing so. The British had a so called double wammy on the Indians, because they were taking their cloth and materials and bringing them back to Britain to make clothes. Then they would take those clothes back to India and sell them.  Gandhi along with thousands of followers gathered water from the ocean and evaporated the water to collect the salt, and therefore had a much needed good while boycotting the British salt.